Changelog
---------
v1.7.8
======
NB: No API change since v1.7.0
Fixes:
1) MINOR: user_space arg was mistakenly NULL on LWS_CALLBACK_CLIENT_APPEND_HANDSHAKE_HEADER
2) MINOR: treating recv() returning 0 as peer close destroyed throughput on ab
tests, reverted
3) MINOR: %3d on URL part was always turned to _... this should only happen in
?na%3dme=x part of the URL
4) MINOR: some malloc escaped check for NULL / OOM
v1.7.7
======
NB: No API change since v1.7.0
Fixes:
1) MINOR: Android add needed include file
2) MINOR: Allow build on GCC < 3.4
3) MINOR: Fix client problems recovering cleanly from SSL negotiation failure
v1.7.6
======
NB: No API change since v1.7.0
Fixes
-----
1) MINOR: libuv-specific fixes
2) MINOR: urldecode forbids malformed %xx in the library
3) MINOR: small fixes for Android and Windows
4) MINOR: handle 0 read() as closed connection
v1.7.5
======
NB: No API change since v1.7.0
Fixes
-----
1) MINOR: fix build with musl C library
2) MINOR: libuv handle signals only if requested
3) MINOR: Fix compile warning if HTTP2 + RELEASE + ALPN-capable SSL
4) MINOR: produce and package
%{_libdir}/cmake/libwebsockets/LibwebsocketsTargets.cmake
5) MAJOR: make permessage-deflate enforce protocol rx buffer size requirement
v1.7.4
======
NB: No API change since v1.7.0
Fixes
-----
1) MINOR: don't send ext hdr if no exts to discuss
2) MINOR: libuv + libev small fixes
3) MINOR: some windows build environments have no snprintf
4) MINOR: cmake adapts better to ecdh.h cmake situation
5) MINOR: client missed WSI_CREATE callback
6) MINOR: base64 decode api worked fine for all ws key handling, however
it was broken for some general decode if user code wanted to use it.
7) MINOR: add optimized parsing path for bulk incoming ws data
v1.7.3
======
NB: No API change since v1.7.0
Fixes
-----
1) MAJOR connections on ah waiting list that closed did not get removed from
the waiting list...
2) MAJOR since we added the ability to hold an ah across http keepalive
transactions where more headers had already arrived, we broke the ability
to tell if more headers had arrived. Result was if the browser didn't
close the keepalive, we retained ah for the lifetime of the keepalive,
using up the pool.
3) MAJOR windows-only-POLLHUP was not coming
4) Fix build on NetBSD
v1.7.2
======
NB: No API change since v1.7.0
Fixes
-----
1) libuv one-per-session valgrind leak fixed
2) MINOR An error about hdr struct in _lws_ws_related is corrected, it's not
known to affect anything added until after it was fixed
3) MINOR During the close shutdown wait state introduced at v1.7, if something
requests callback on writeable for the socket it will busywait until the
socket closes
4) MINOR update URLs in test html for libwebsockets.org https STS changes
Changes
-------
1) test server html is updated with tabs and a new live server monitoring
feature. Input sanitization added to the js.
v1.7.1
======
NB: No API change since v1.7.0
Fixes
-----
1) MAJOR (Windows-only) fix assert firing
2) MAJOR http:/1.1 connections handled by lws_return_http_status() did not
get sent a content-length resulting in the link hanging until the peer closed
it. attack.sh updated to add a test for this.
Changes
-------
1) MINOR test-server gained some new switches
-C <file> use external SSL cert file
-K <file> use external SSL key file
-A <file> use external SSL CA cert file
-u <uid> set effective uid
-g <gid> set effective gid
together you can use them like this to have the test-server work with the
usual purchased SSL certs from an official CA.
--ssl -C your.crt -K your.key -A your.cer -u 99 -g 99
2) MINOR the OpenSSL magic to setup ECDH cipher usage is implemented in the
library, and the ciphers restricted to use ECDH only.
Using this, the lws test server can score an A at SSLLABS test
3) MINOR STS (SSL always) header is added to the test server if you use --ssl. With
that, we score A+ at SSLLABS test
4) MINOR daemonize function (disabled at cmake by default) is updated to work
with systemd
5) MINOR example systemd .service file now provided for test server
(not installed by default)
v1.7.0
======
Extension Changes
-----------------
1) There is now a "permessage-deflate" / RFC7692 implementation. It's very
similar to "deflate-frame" we have offered for a long while; deflate-frame is
now provided as an alias of permessage-deflate.
The main differences are that the new permessage-deflate implementation:
- properly performs streaming respecting input and output buffer limits. The
old deflate-frame implementation could only work on complete deflate input
and produce complete inflate output for each frame. The new implementation
only mallocs buffers at initialization.
- goes around the event loop after each input package is processed allowing
interleaved output processing. The RX flow control api can be used to
force compressed input processing to match the rate of compressed output
processing (test--echo shows an example of how to do this).
- when being "deflate-frame" for compatibility he uses the same default zlib
settings as the old "deflate-frame", but instead of exponentially increasing
malloc allocations until the whole output will fit, he observes the default
input and output chunking buffer sizes of "permessage-deflate", that's
1024 in and 1024 out at a time.
2) deflate-stream has been disabled for many versions (for over a year) and is
now removed. Browsers are now standardizing on "permessage-deflate" / RFC7692
3) struct lws_extension is simplified, and lws extensions now have a public
api (their callback) for use in user code to compose extensions and options
the user code wants. lws_get_internal_exts() is deprecated but kept around
as a NOP. The changes allow one extension implementation to go by different
names and allows the user client code to control option offers per-ext.
The test client and server are updated to use the new way. If you use
the old way it should still work, but extensions will be disabled until you
update your code.
Extensions are now responsible for allocating and per-instance private struct
at instance construction time and freeing it when the instance is destroyed.
Not needing to know the size means the extension's struct can be opaque
to user code.
User api additions
------------------
1) The info struct gained three new members
- max_http_header_data: 0 for default (1024) or set the maximum amount of known
http header payload that lws can deal with. Payload in unknown http
headers is dropped silently. If for some reason you need to send huge
cookies or other HTTP-level headers, you can now increase this at context-
creation time.
- max_http_header_pool: 0 for default (16) or set the maximum amount of http
headers that can be tracked by lws in this context. For the server, if
the header pool is completely in use then accepts on the listen socket
are disabled until one becomes free. For the client, if you simultaneously
have pending connects for more than this number of client connections,
additional connects will fail until some of the pending connections timeout
or complete.
- timeout_secs: 0 for default (currently 20s), or set the library's
network activity timeout to the given number of seconds
HTTP header processing in lws only exists until just after the first main
callback after the HTTP handshake... for ws connections that is ESTABLISHED and
for HTTP connections the HTTP callback.
So these settings are not related to the maximum number of simultaneous
connections, but the number of HTTP handshakes that may be expected or ongoing,
or have just completed, at one time. The reason it's useful is it changes the
memory allocation for header processing to be one-time at context creation
instead of every time there is a new connection, and gives you control over
the peak allocation.
Setting max_http_header_pool to 1 is fine it will just queue incoming
connections before the accept as necessary, you can still have as many
simultaneous post-header connections as you like. Since the http header
processing is completed and the allocation released after ESTABLISHED or the
HTTP callback, even with a pool of 1 many connections can be handled rapidly.
2) There is a new callback that allows the user code to get acccess to the
optional close code + aux data that may have been sent by the peer.
LWS_CALLBACK_WS_PEER_INITIATED_CLOSE:
The peer has sent an unsolicited Close WS packet. @in and
@len are the optional close code (first 2 bytes, network
order) and the optional additional information which is not
defined in the standard, and may be a string or non-human-
readble data.
If you return 0 lws will echo the close and then close the
connection. If you return nonzero lws will just close the
connection.
As usual not handling it does the right thing, if you're not interested in it
just ignore it.
The test server has "open and close" testing buttons at the bottom, if you
open and close that connection, on close it will send a close code 3000 decimal
and the string "Bye!" as the aux data.
The test server dumb-increment callback handles this callback reason and prints
lwsts[15714]: LWS_CALLBACK_WS_PEER_INITIATED_CLOSE: len 6
lwsts[15714]: 0: 0x0B
lwsts[15714]: 1: 0xB8
lwsts[15714]: 2: 0x42
lwsts[15714]: 3: 0x79
lwsts[15714]: 4: 0x65
lwsts[15714]: 5: 0x21
3) There is a new API to allow the user code to control the content of the
close frame sent when about to return nonzero from the user callback to
indicate the connection should close.
/**
* lws_close_reason - Set reason and aux data to send with Close packet
* If you are going to return nonzero from the callback
* requesting the connection to close, you can optionally
* call this to set the reason the peer will be told if
* possible.
*
* @wsi: The websocket connection to set the close reason on
* @status: A valid close status from websocket standard
* @buf: NULL or buffer containing up to 124 bytes of auxiliary data
* @len: Length of data in @buf to send
*/
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN void
lws_close_reason(struct lws *wsi, enum lws_close_status status,
unsigned char *buf, size_t len);
An extra button is added to the "open and close" test server page that requests
that the test server close the connection from his end.
The test server code will do so by
lws_close_reason(wsi, LWS_CLOSE_STATUS_GOINGAWAY,
(unsigned char *)"seeya", 5);
return -1;
The browser shows the close code and reason he received
websocket connection CLOSED, code: 1001, reason: seeya
4) There's a new context creation time option flag
LWS_SERVER_OPTION_VALIDATE_UTF8
if you set it in info->options, then TEXT and CLOSE frames will get checked to
confirm that they contain valid UTF-8. If they don't, the connection will get
closed by lws.
5) ECDH Certs are now supported. Enable the CMake option
cmake .. -DLWS_SSL_SERVER_WITH_ECDH_CERT=1
**and** the info->options flag
LWS_SERVER_OPTION_SSL_ECDH
to build in support and select it at runtime.
6) There's a new api lws_parse_uri() that simplifies chopping up
https://xxx:yyy/zzz uris into parts nicely. The test client now uses this
to allow proper uris as well as the old address style.
7) SMP support is integrated into LWS without any internal threading. It's
very simple to use, libwebsockets-test-server-pthread shows how to do it,
use -j <n> argument there to control the number of service threads up to 32.
Two new members are added to the info struct
unsigned int count_threads;
unsigned int fd_limit_per_thread;
leave them at the default 0 to get the normal singlethreaded service loop.
Set count_threads to n to tell lws you will have n simultaneous service threads
operating on the context.
There is still a single listen socket on one port, no matter how many
service threads.
When a connection is made, it is accepted by the service thread with the least
connections active to perform load balancing.
The user code is responsible for spawning n threads running the service loop
associated to a specific tsi (Thread Service Index, 0 .. n - 1). See
the libwebsockets-test-server-pthread for how to do.
If you leave fd_limit_per_thread at 0, then the process limit of fds is shared
between the service threads; if you process was allowed 1024 fds overall then
each thread is limited to 1024 / n.
You can set fd_limit_per_thread to a nonzero number to control this manually, eg
the overall supported fd limit is less than the process allowance.
You can control the context basic data allocation for multithreading from Cmake
using -DLWS_MAX_SMP=, if not given it's set to 32. The serv_buf allocation
for the threads (currently 4096) is made at runtime only for active threads.
Because lws will limit the requested number of actual threads supported
according to LWS_MAX_SMP, there is an api lws_get_count_threads(context) to
discover how many threads were actually allowed when the context was created.
It's required to implement locking in the user code in the same way that
libwebsockets-test-server-pthread does it, for the FD locking callbacks.
If LWS_MAX_SMP=1, then there is no code related to pthreads compiled in the
library. If more than 1, a small amount of pthread mutex code is built into
the library.
8) New API
LWS_VISIBLE struct lws *
lws_adopt_socket(struct lws_context *context, lws_sockfd_type accept_fd)
allows foreign sockets accepted by non-lws code to be adopted by lws as if they
had just been accepted by lws' own listen socket.
9) X-Real-IP: header has been added as WSI_TOKEN_HTTP_X_REAL_IP
10) Libuv support is added, there are new related user apis
typedef void (lws_uv_signal_cb_t)(uv_loop_t *l, uv_signal_t *w, int revents);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_uv_sigint_cfg(struct lws_context *context, int use_uv_sigint,
lws_uv_signal_cb_t *cb);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_uv_initloop(struct lws_context *context, uv_loop_t *loop, int tsi);
LWS_VISIBLE void
lws_uv_sigint_cb(uv_loop_t *loop, uv_signal_t *watcher, int revents);
and CMAKE option
LWS_WITH_LIBUV
User api changes
----------------
1) LWS_SEND_BUFFER_POST_PADDING is now 0 and deprecated. You can remove it; if
you still use it, obviously it does nothing. Old binary code with nonzero
LWS_SEND_BUFFER_POST_PADDING is perfectly compatible, the old code just
allocated a buffer bigger than the library is going to use.
The example apps no longer use LWS_SEND_BUFFER_POST_PADDING.
The only path who made use of it was sending with LWS_WRITE_CLOSE --->
2) Because of lws_close_reason() formalizing handling close frames,
LWS_WRITE_CLOSE is removed from libwebsockets.h. It was only of use to send
close frames...close frame content should be managed using lws_close_reason()
now.
3) We check for invalid CLOSE codes and complain about protocol violation in
our close code. But it changes little since we were in the middle of closing
anyway.
4) zero-length RX frames and zero length TX frames are now allowed.
5) Pings and close used to be limited to 124 bytes, the correct limit is 125
so that is now also allowed.
6) LWS_PRE is provided as a synonym for LWS_SEND_BUFFER_PRE_PADDING, either is
valid to use now.
7) There's generic support for RFC7462 style extension options built into the
library now. As a consequence, a field "options" is added to lws_extension.
It can be NULL if there are no options on the extension. Extension internal
info is part of the public abi because extensions may be implemented outside
the library.
8) WSI_TOKEN_PROXY enum was accidentally defined to collide with another token
of value 73. That's now corrected and WSI_TOKEN_PROXY moved to his own place at
77.
9) With the addition of libuv support, libev is not the only event loop
library in town and his api names must be elaborated with _ev_
Callback typedef: lws_signal_cb ---> lws_ev_signal_cb_t
lws_sigint_cfg --> lws_ev_sigint_cfg
lws_initloop --> lws_ev_initloop
lws_sigint_cb --> lws_ev_sigint_cb
10) Libev support is made compatible with multithreaded service,
lws_ev_initloop (was lws_initloop) gets an extra argument for the
thread service index (use 0 if you will just have 1 service thread).
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_ev_initloop(struct lws_context *context, ev_loop_t *loop, int tsi);
v1.6.0-chrome48-firefox42
=======================
Major API improvements
----------------------
v1.6.0 has many cleanups and improvements in the API. Although at first it
looks pretty drastic, user code will only need four actions to update it.
- Do the three search/replaces in your user code, /libwebsocket_/lws_/,
/libwebsockets_/lws_/, and /struct\ libwebsocket/struct\ lws/
- Remove the context parameter from your user callbacks
- Remove context as the first parameter from the "Eleven APIS" listed in the
User Api Changes section
- Add lws_get_context(wsi) as the first parameter on the "Three APIS" listed
in the User Api Changes section, and anywhere else you still need context
That's it... generally only a handful of the 14 affected APIs are actually in
use in your user code and you can find them quickest by compiling and visiting
the errors each in turn. And the end results are much cleaner, more
predictable and maintainable.
User api additions
------------------
1) lws now exposes his internal platform file abstraction in a way that can be
both used by user code to make it platform-agnostic, and be overridden or
subclassed by user code. This allows things like handling the URI "directory
space" as a virtual filesystem that may or may not be backed by a regular
filesystem. One example use is serving files from inside large compressed
archive storage without having to unpack anything except the file being
requested.
The test server shows how to use it, basically the platform-specific part of
lws prepares a file operations structure that lives in the lws context.
Helpers are provided to also leverage these platform-independent file handling
apis
static inline lws_filefd_type
lws_plat_file_open(struct lws *wsi, const char *filename,
unsigned long *filelen, int flags)
static inline int
lws_plat_file_close(struct lws *wsi, lws_filefd_type fd)
static inline unsigned long
lws_plat_file_seek_cur(struct lws *wsi, lws_filefd_type fd, long offset)
static inline int
lws_plat_file_read(struct lws *wsi, lws_filefd_type fd, unsigned long *amount,
unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len)
static inline int
lws_plat_file_write(struct lws *wsi, lws_filefd_type fd, unsigned long *amount,
unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len)
The user code can also override or subclass the file operations, to either
wrap or replace them. An example is shown in test server.
A wsi can be associated with the file activity, allowing per-connection
authentication and state to be used when interpreting the file request.
2) A new API void * lws_wsi_user(struct lws *wsi) lets you get the pointer to
the user data associated with the wsi, just from the wsi.
3) URI argument handling. Libwebsockets parses and protects URI arguments
like test.html?arg1=1&arg2=2, it decodes %xx uriencoding format and reduces
path attacks like ../.../../etc/passwd so they cannot go behind the web
server's /. There is a list of confirmed attacks we're proof against in
./test-server/attack.sh.
There is a new API lws_hdr_copy_fragment that should be used now to access
the URI arguments (it returns the fragments length)
while (lws_hdr_copy_fragment(wsi, buf, sizeof(buf),
WSI_TOKEN_HTTP_URI_ARGS, n) > 0) {
lwsl_info("URI Arg %d: %s\n", ++n, buf);
}
For the example above, calling with n=0 will return "arg1=1" and n=1 "arg2=2".
All legal uriencodings will have been reduced in those strings.
lws_hdr_copy_fragment() returns the length of the x=y fragment, so it's also
possible to deal with arguments containing %00. If you don't care about that,
the returned string has '\0' appended to simplify processing.
User api changes
----------------
1) Three APIS
- lws_callback_on_writable_all_protocol(const struct lws_protocols *protocol)
- lws_callback_all_protocol(const struct lws_protocols *protocol)
- lws_rx_flow_allow_all_protocol(lws_rx_flow_allow_all_protocol)
Now take an additional pointer to the lws_context in their first argument.
The reason for this change is struct lws_protocols has been changed to remove
members that lws used for private storage: so the protocols struct in now
truly const and may be reused serially or simultaneously by different contexts.
2) Eleven APIs
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_add_http_header_by_name(struct lws_context *context,
struct lws *wsi,
const unsigned char *name,
const unsigned char *value,
int length,
unsigned char **p,
unsigned char *end);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_finalize_http_header(struct lws_context *context,
struct lws *wsi,
unsigned char **p,
unsigned char *end);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_add_http_header_by_token(struct lws_context *context,
struct lws *wsi,
enum lws_token_indexes token,
const unsigned char *value,
int length,
unsigned char **p,
unsigned char *end);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_add_http_header_content_length(struct lws_context *context,
struct lws *wsi,
unsigned long content_length,
unsigned char **p,
unsigned char *end);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_add_http_header_status(struct lws_context *context, struct lws *wsi,
unsigned int code, unsigned char **p,
unsigned char *end);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_serve_http_file(struct lws_context *context, struct lws *wsi,
const char *file, const char *content_type,
const char *other_headers, int other_headers_len);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_serve_http_file_fragment(struct lws_context *context, struct lws *wsi);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_return_http_status(struct lws_context *context, struct lws *wsi,
unsigned int code, const char *html_body);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_callback_on_writable(const struct lws_context *context, struct lws *wsi);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN void
lws_get_peer_addresses(struct lws_context *context, struct lws *wsi,
lws_sockfd_type fd, char *name, int name_len,
char *rip, int rip_len);
LWS_VISIBLE LWS_EXTERN int
lws_read(struct lws_context *context, struct lws *wsi,
unsigned char *buf, size_t len);
no longer require their initial struct lws_context * parameter.
3) Several older apis start with libwebsocket_ or libwebsockets_ while newer ones
all begin lws_. These apis have been changed to all begin with lws_.
To convert, search-replace
- libwebsockets_/lws_
- libwebsocket_/lws_
- struct\ libwebsocket/struct\ lws
4) context parameter removed from user callback.
Since almost all apis no longer need the context as a parameter, it's no longer
provided at the user callback directly.
However if you need it, for ALL callbacks wsi is valid and has a valid context
pointer you can recover using lws_get_context(wsi).
v1.5-chrome47-firefox41
=======================
User api changes
----------------
LWS_CALLBACK_CLIENT_CONNECTION_ERROR may provide an error string if in is
non-NULL. If so, the string has length len.
LWS_SERVER_OPTION_PEER_CERT_NOT_REQUIRED is available to relax the requirement
for peer certs if you are using the option to require client certs.
LWS_WITHOUT_BUILTIN_SHA1 cmake option forces lws to use SHA1() defined
externally, eg, byOpenSSL, and disables build of libwebsockets_SHA1()
v1.4-chrome43-firefox36
=======================
User api additions
------------------
There's a new member in the info struct used to control context creation,
ssl_private_key_password, which allows passing into lws the passphrase on
an SSL cetificate
There's a new member in struct protocols, id, which is ignored by lws but can
be used by the user code to mark the selected protocol by user-defined version
or capabliity flag information, for the case multiple versions of a protocol are
supported.
int lws_is_ssl(wsi) added to allow user code to know if the connection was made
over ssl or not. If LWS_SERVER_OPTION_ALLOW_NON_SSL_ON_SSL_PORT is used, both
ssl and non-ssl connections are possible and may need to be treated differently
in the user code.
int lws_partial_buffered(wsi) added... should be ch
...